Organization of effective organic nutrition of plants

Principles of Macronutrient Nutrition

Effective cultivation of crops, obtaining high quality and stable crops, preservation and reproduction of soil fertility without the use of organic fertilizers in modern highly developed agricultural production is not possible. the accumulation of vegetative biomass and full functioning. The availability of soil nutrients for plants and the amount of their input depends on many factors (agricultural crops, soil and climatic conditions, agricultural cultivation, etc.). The absorption of nutrients by plants is mainly through the root system, so the key condition for the effective use of organic fertilizers is to bring them directly into the soil under crops. The absorption of nutrients by plants during the growing season is uneven. Plants are especially demanding to the conditions of organic nutrition at the early stages of their growth and development, and therefore effective in sowing plants is the use of in-line application of organic fertilizers, which have easily accessible forms of macronutrients. Most plants need nutrients during the period of active vegetation (the period of formation of vegetative mass) and use them, of course, from the soil. After the formation of the stem, the use of nutrients in plants is not reduced to the formation of the fruiting body (crop). Further accumulation of organic matter is due to the re-use (re-utilization) of nutrients that have come into the plant earlier. Only leguminous plants accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium occurs after the cessation of leaf growth. The basic conditions for the effective use of nutrients of organic fertilizers are compliance with optimal doses, terms, methods and conditions of their use, the use of various preparative forms and the observance of scientifically sound agricultural crop cultivation . The basic composition of trace elements of organic fertilizers, which perform the appropriate functions during their assimilation by plants, is given: Nitrogen – is a mandatory component y part of all protein substances. Regulates the growth of vegetative mass. Determines the level of productivity of agricultural products. phosphorus is an element of energy supply. Activates the growth of the root system. Accelerates the transition from vegetative to generative development, processes of formation and maturation of seeds. Increases drought – and winter hardiness of cultures. Potassium – is concentrated in young vital organs and tissues. Increases the formation of sucrose and its movement through the tissues. Increases plant resistance to disease, drought and frost. Magnesium – increases the intensity of photosynthesis and chlorophyll formation. Affects oxidation-reducing and activates enzymatic processes. Calcium – stimulates the growth and development of plants, their root system. Enhances metabolism. Increases the resistance of plants to the harmful effects of acids, as well as cations (sodium, aluminum, iron, manganese). Sulfur – is a part of protein substances. Participates in redox processes. It plays an extremely important role in metabolism. Keep in mind: Power failure is a direct loss of yield and quality.

The principles of nutrition of trace elements

The trace elements of organic fertilizers include chemical elements that are necessary for the normal life of plants and are used in micro quantities in comparison with the main elements of nutrition. However, the role of trace elements is as great and no less important than the role of the basic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium). The main ones are iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, boron. The lack of them in the soil causes a decrease in the intensity of the flow of growth and physiological processes in plants, can lead to disease and even death. Iron – regulates photosynthesis, respiration, protein metabolism and biosynthesis of growth substances. Increases plant resistance to negative environmental and disease factors. Zinc – is of great importance for plant fertilization and embryonic development. It regulates protein, lipoid, carbohydrate and phosphorus metabolism, biosynthesis of vitamins and growth substances. Manganese – plays a large role in the reactions of photosynthesis, respiration, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. energy exchange. Molybdenum – regulates nitrogen metabolism, is directly involved in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Boron – regulates pollination and fruit formation, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Increases disease resistance. Crops have their own peculiarities and differ in metabolism in need of trace elements and are divided into 3 groups: cereals (with low need for trace elements), tilled (high need for trace elements) and vegetables, especially for vegetables of the closed soil). High soil moisture and scientifically grounded application of agrotechnical measures promotes better input of microelements in plants. The availability of nutrients to plants is influenced by the reaction of the soil solution. With increased soil acidity, molybdenum enters the plants less, with manganese, zinc, and boron in alkalinity. The most trace elements are needed by plants in the early stages of vegetation and during the formation of the reproductive organs and the harvest. In addition, the trace elements contribute to a better and better use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plants. Thus, the most positive effect of trace elements in the application of organic fertilizers are obtained when taking into account the characteristics of soils and plants and their impact on biochemical processes. It is very important that organic fertilizers are able to provide plants with the necessary elements at the exact moment when they are most needed.

Influence of macro-, micronutrients on agricultural and flower-decorative crops

Застосування збалансованих органічних добрив з науково збалансованим вмістом макро-, мікроелементів дозволяє суттєво підвищити урожайність сільсько­господарських культур, поліпшити якість продукції, сприяє біологічній стійкості рослин проти несприятливих кліматичних факторів, ураженню хворобами та покращити родючість ґрунту.